"Oh, right, that makes sense. Well, have a seat."
Tran does read her off some things from a book that he digs out of his desk drawer, but he also just sits back and talks. Roughly, Valdemar has a single, supposedly universal and quite bare-bones criminal justice system, and at least a dozen semi-overlapping civil justice systems which even Tran seems confused about sometimes. Each major town or landholding is responsible for running its own court and trying criminal cases, but going off a single book of written laws, which if necessary is updated by the Heralds. The crimes that will get you tried here are roughly: murder, violent assault or rape, highway robbery or armed burglary, kidnapping, attempted ransom or blackmail, the killing of livestock belonging to someone else, impersonating a Healer, Bard, or Herald, or a poorly defined category of 'treason against the Crown' – which has an exception whereby it can be transferred to a sealed, secret court in Haven even if the crime takes place elsewhere.
The crimes are otherwise pretty clearly defined but the punishments are discretionary, though with suggestions, and only murder or treason are meant to be punishable by death. Confusingly, 'capital punishment' also refers to exile, which is by far more common. Anyone who dislikes the verdict or the punishment selected by a local court can escalate the matter by requesting the case be revisited by the next Herald on circuit, or, if they feel like a journey for some reason, take the matter to Haven themselves and bring it in front of the King or Queen. This usually involves a Truth Spell, which (in theory) makes it rare for guilty party to request this in hopes of landing a verdict more to their taste. Concealing a crime of any kind is also its own crime, and traditionally is considered to merit a worse punishment.
Other crimes – including non-violent theft of, apparently, arbitrary sums of money or value of goods, disputes over landowning, succession or parentage of children, misrepresentation of livestock or trade goods and various other types of con, et cetera – are dealt with in their local jurisdiction. This can be a particular noble's landholding, municipality, trade guild, or one of the Collegia. The Healers and Bards have their own legal codes, involving misuse of Gifts, and any related crime is tried internally unless it meets the standards for criminal law, in which case there's sometimes an awkward dual court convened or it can be negotiated to go to one or another. The Heralds also have their own policies here, and technically a private Herald's Court can be convened to bring to trial matters that involve the major misuse of other Gifts, but according to Tran, 'it almost never comes up in practice'. Again, civil matters can be escalated to a Herald's attention or even brought in front of the King, but this is somewhat discouraged since the Heralds are busy, and they won't tend to put a lot of thought into the revised verdict.
(At some point in the middle of this all, bread and cheese and soup arrive.)
Tran frowns at Bella for a while before admitting he doesn't know which civil law jurisdiction she would fall under. "Healers', I guess?" he suggests finally. "But, I mean, probably you should talk to them first or something because I don't know what their protocols are on Gifts and ethics."