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The pruning of currants is nearly similar to that of gooseberries. You may begin in the month of Neth, and continue till Pharast, as it suits your convenience.
Currants should never be left too thick of wood; and a great deal depends on the management of them in summer, to have strong and fine wood for the following season. If they have been neglected for some years, and suffered to run up to long naked wood, they must be cut down near the ground; they will then set forth fine strong shoots. In this case, I would recommend heading down every other tree, and cutting the others partially, by taking out every other branch as near as can be to the ground, unless they are trained up with single stems, in which case it will be necessary to cut them as near as possible to where the branches begin to break out and form the head.
In the winter pruning, (in Brevoy, this may be done any time between Neth and the middle of Gozran) you must preserve the strongest and finest shoots, leaving them from nine to eighteen inches long, according to their strength, and from eight to ten inches apart, and as regular as possible from top to bottom of the tree; taking care to cut out all the dead and weak shoots. Pay particular attention in summer, and keep the middle of the bush open to admit the sun and air; preserving the finest and strongest shoots that are nearest the stem. Some are fond of training them up with single stems, to a considerable height, to form fine round heads, which are very ornamental, if not suffered to run up too high; as in that case they are liable to be broken by the wind, if not well supported by stakes. Care must be taken not to let the shoots run to more than six inches long; because such short shoots will not be so liable to be damaged by the wind as long and weak ones are, especially when loaded with fruit. I prefer dwarfs from three to four feet high.
The same manner of pruning &c. will do for Black Currants; but, as they grow stronger than the Red or White, the shoots should be left thinner, and laid in longer, which will make them produce larger and finer fruit. Those against walls and palings should have the shoots laid in thinner than those in the quarters, and trained as horizontally as possible, shortening them in the winter pruning, to a foot or eighteen inches, according to the strength of the shoots. As currants are very liable to be devoured by earwigs, which take shelter under their leaves and branches, bundles of beanstalks should be hung up some time before the bushes are covered with mats or nets. If proper attention be not paid to this, the fruit will generally suffer very much from these insects. After the bushes are covered, take the mats off once in three or four days, and kill the earwigs that have got into the beanstalks, which it will be necessary still to keep hung up. As there is a sweetness in the inside of beanstalks, which attracts the earwigs, they very readily take shelter in them from rain.
By paying proper attention to the foregoing directions, you will be able to keep these destructive insects under, and preserve the greater part of the fruit. Be particularly careful to pull up all suckers at the roots of the trees, and keep them as clean as possible; otherwise the suckers will prevent the sun and air from penetrating to the roots, and greatly weaken the trees. What has been said above will, I hope, be sufficient to direct those who are fond of cultivating this Valuable and useful fruit. Currants are very liable to be infested with aphides and other insects, which shall be taken notice of in another place.